As their name suggests, proximity sensors are instruments that are used to detect the presence of an object without the need for physical contact. Using various methods, they can check for the presence of an object based on how it interacts with a projected field. As a result of this capability, the sensors are commonly employed in parking lots, mobile phones, conveyor systems, and more. Additionally, they come in several major types, including the magnetic, capacitance, photoelectric, and ultrasonic variations.

While electric motors are available in a number of forms, they all work by making the motor’s shaft rotate in the same manner. They function by taking advantage of the attraction and repulsion between the north and south poles of a magnet and the magnetic field produced by an electric current. Motors that use direct current (DC) power supply to rotate the shaft are called DC motors and are divided into brush and brushless (BLDC) types.